World+War+I


 * __World War I__**

Complete the **Picture Detective Strategy** for the picture below in your wiki.Copy and paste the picture and questions into your wiki to answer

1. Ask a question 2. What clues do you get from the picture 3. What message is the picture sending?



1) Why is there a man in public shooting someone? 2)Clues: 3) The picture shows a Duke of a nation and his wife getting assassinated by one of the worse assassination groups. This triggered different nations to prepare for war and attack each other.
 * A car is transporting a man in fancy clothes and a women in a dress holding the man
 * There are many people in formal clothing on the balcony
 * A man dressed in black and pointing a gun at the fancy man
 * It was during the day in public

Read the different eyewitness accounts on the assisnation here: [|Wintnesses to the assination of the archduke]
 * What did you learn from these eyewitnesses**? ** Write your response in you wiki **

I have learn that the assassination group thought that killing the Archduke would lead to the unlocking of the shackles his people in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The motives of the group was supported by Serbia whom gave them resources to achieve their goal. There were a total of seven conspirators that were involved with the assassination. Each were in different locations which they were ordered to kill if they had the chance. However, only two of them had the chance and only one of them succeeded. The first conspirator was Grabinovic; he threw the bomb that was suppose to kill the Duke but instead bounced off the side of the car and injured many guard or police officers. Then the Duke was persuaded to drive away quickly before anything else happened. However, along their route to escape, there was a route the was a V shape which caused them to stop in front of the second conspirator. This pause allowed the man to step out and shoot the Duke. It resulted in the death of his wife and himself. The conspirator then was tortured heavily by the guards. The information I had before was that the group took several attempts to assassinate the Duke and that none of them were tortured.



**Reflection:** **Of all the "Firsts" what impressed you the most and why?**

The part that impressed me the most was the end part which said it was the first war to end all wars. That is a very faulty statement since no nation can come to an agreement with others so easily after the war. Nations would have different viewpoints of each other after the war ended which is how world war II started. Germany hated how the treaty forced them to pay reparations and other negative actions. One can not simply unite the nations for it to stop the conflicts around the world.

__** Causes of World War I **__

**Map Activity** :


 * Identify the Allied Powers (sometimes called the Triple Entente)
 * France, Britain, Russia, Italy, Portugal, Romania,Serbia, Greece, Montene Gro
 * Who were the Central Powers (also known initially as the Triple Alliance)
 * Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
 * Where is the Western Front? It begins and ends where?
 * Its located in France.
 * Identify the Eastern Front.
 * It is located across Russia
 * How, geographically, did neutral states impact the war?
 * Central powers cannot go through their lands and had to go through only theirs connecting to France. The Allied powers could not extend the Western Fort over Switzerlan.


 * [[image:mrshealy-usii/WWI_Map.JPG caption="WWI- 1914-1917 Before US Enters"]] ||



Timeline Activity:

**Section 2: A New Kind of War**


 * Activity:**
 * **View the photo gallery** gallery of Trench Warfare at this site: [|Photo gallery of Trench Warfare]

> Try This: **Here is a link to interactive trench warfare game**. **Try a few scenarios and the write a brief reflection on what you found out about warfare in WWI**:[|Interactive game on Trench warfare]
 * In **pargraph**form, describe your impressions of trench warfare (based on what you saw)
 * Trench Warfare was very useful for the Allied powers since they were the ones most adapted to the warfare technique. However, I did not know that it would take that much effort just to fortify it heavily. Some of them were built and constructed very well which should had taken a long time. Some seemed a bit to deep to be of any use. I think the one that was too deep was a disadvantage since soldiers could aim downwards and shoot or throw grenades which would do massive damage. I also did not know that the soldiers lived in the trenches during the war. Most of them probably got sick by the unsanitary stuff down there.
 * [[file:Notes+on+Trench+Warfare.doc]]

Gas Mask: Artillery: Blimps: Planes: Tanks: Battalion: Mines: Gatling Gun:
 * __Reflection:__**
 * Advantages: Cleared out the trenches
 * Disadvantages: Was heavily frowned upon, wind might blow the gas into own men, rain weakened the gas
 * Advantages: Able to give cover fire for advancing troops, destroying tanks
 * Disadvantages: Poor Accuracy led to deaths of own men
 * Advantages: Gave locations of enemy, provide coordination for artillery
 * Disadvantages: No vision in bad weather, lack of communication
 * Advantages: Carried few bombs, allowed destruction of enemy blimps
 * Disadvantages: Guns were not in sync with propellers, terrible in bad weather
 * Advantages: Provided protection from enemy fire, tear down barbed wires
 * Disadvantages: Able to get stuck in mud or trenches, few in numbers, easily destroyed by shelling
 * Advantages: Able to move forward in the war, main attacking army
 * Disadvantages: Had the most casualties
 * Advantages: Able to take down groups of enemy troops
 * Disadvantages: Destroy the land or trenches, Cannot locate the mines, Casualties on both sides
 * Advantages: Provided extra firepwoer and defensive
 * Disadvantages: To heavy to move easily, required several men to handle, gun down own men

In the fourth mission, it was impossible to win due to heavy rain, holes everywhere, and mud. The gas mask were useless since there was strong wind and rain to weaken the gas. Artillery fire just created more holes in No Man's Land and destroyed troops due to lack of blimps. Planes had a hard time locating the enemy troops and fired upon enemies' dummy blimps which usually contained bombs. Tanks that attempted to move toward the land either fell into holes or destroyed so the battalion was unable to go over the barbed wires. The mines created massive holes causing destruction to both sides and the gatling gun was nearly impossible to move in the rain and mud which then failed to provide cover fire to their men.



__**Reflection on the Battle of the Somme:**__ In the battle of the Somme, many British troops were brought out onto the field to fight. However, many of the men were unexperienced and they were killed in action within 30 minutes once they stood out in the battlefield. The men lived inside the small infested trenches and had to crawl through some of them. They also had to use pulleys to transport the large shells and used gatlings guns. The men had to crawl up the trenches and run through No Man's Land. Some men lived only 30 minutes after they set foot into battlefield Used pulleys to carry bomb shell Had to crawl through trenches Over 600,000 casualties Most of the men were unexperienced Had to go through No Man's Land




 * Armenian Massacre **:

1. Read the background of the people who wrote the song 2. Listen to the lyrics of the song and write your impressions of the song: The band had felt guilt because they lived while other families have died. It's the lonliest day for them since they do believe that it was a genocide and they are left with so little people who survived it.
 * Activity for home page**:

Comment on the following in your wiki:

1. Treatment of the Armenians before the massacre The Armenians suffered all forms of religious segregation. From higher taxes to fewer rights (especially in courts), the Armenian people lived poor lives. The fact that the Turks could do this showed that the Armenian people did not have the ability or the will to take action against the Turks, who were weakening in power anyway. Their decision could have been influenced by their Christian religion.

2. Reasons for the Treatment: There were many Christian Armenian living in the Muslim Empire which were gaining more and more political powers. They were also taking more jobs and businesses in the empire. Eventually, the leaders got fed up with their actions and though that the money should belong to the Muslims which began the extermination.

3. Hamidian Massacres The Ottoman Empire was ruled by an absolute Muslim leader. He wanted to spread the word of Kuran and the easiest way to do that was to make everyone Muslim. He caused the deaths of many Armenians and burnt down many of their businesses.

4. Listen to and reflect on "The Armenian Massacre Song" The music itself feels very strong throughout, on both sides of the first shift. It promotes the feeling of an attack onto the Turks. The second shift brings the guitar solo and then it goes back into the promotion of attack. The lyrics themselves focus more on the aspect of what happened after the genocides and what is to come. It's threats unifies the general feelings of the Armenian people and gives a great representation of both the Armenians and Turks, as both must feel this toward one another.


 * Click on Tab: Armenia in 1915-1917**:
 * Read about what occurred to the Armenians during this time period and view the photos provided
 * **In a pargraph summarize what you learned about the treatment of Armenians during this time period**

Sultan wanted to get rid of the Armenians so he decided to kill the men from the Ottoman Empire Army since they were the strongest. After the removal of the men from the army, the rest of them were deported and had to march long distances to an unknown location. The location was where the Turks would murder the people secretly. The women also had to march too and most of them died due to starvation or tortured through sexual abuse. The young adult women were kept alive so they would be forced to marry Turks in order to become slave-brides. The Armenians were giving a choice to chose being converted to Muslim or die but which ever answer they chose, they would still end up dead. Children were abducted and converted to Muslim by force. Then they became orphans and died of starvation after they converted.


 * Click on the tab More....**
 * Summarize what you gained from each of the following subtopics:**
 * 1. Armenia after the genocide**
 * After the genocide, many of the Armenians spread worldwide due to the fact they've lost their homes. The spread made other countries interested in the Armenian spread and only a handful recognized it as a genocide.There were many nations that took longer to admit it was a genocide and others which still don't recognize it such as United States even though 43 states recognize it. The survivors are still fighting so that the world will recognize the event was a genocide. They hope to get Turks to recognize it as a genocide so the rest of the world will fall into their footsteps.
 * 2. Turkey's response**
 * Turkey said that they didn't commit the genocide. However, even though they claim that they didn't, they tore down almost everything in an Armenian Genocide Remembrance Exhibition. There were people that also said "it was all lies". They also destroyed many of their buildings and renamed animals as if to say the Armenians were never in the Turkish background.
 * 3. World's response**
 * The World's response was mixed. The goal of many Armenians to persuade the world that this genocide really happened, so they can bring restoration to their holy land in the Turkey. As well as make the Turks pay a reparation in terms of money or government. For example, one of the reparation would be not allowing Turkey join the United Nations. Twenty-one countries recognized this event as a genocide, but many countries such as the US and Turkey refused. Even though 43 out of 50 states in the US recognized this genocide, Obama refused because Turkey is a close allies and the US depend on them military-wise. Turkey provide the US easy access to the Middle East, and if the US suddenly recognize the genocide then that connection they have with the Turks will become undone.

**The Sinking of the Lusitania:**

Here is a link to an eyewitness history account: [|Sinking the Lusitania.docx]

__ **Who** __: __ **What:** __ **__When__:** **__Where__:** __ **Why/Significance** __
 * Walter Schieger, captain of the U-boat, Germany and America
 * A German submarine U-20 fired a torpedo at the Lusitania, the fastest ship to cross the Atlantic, which was on a voyage from New York to Liverpool. Within 18minutes the hip had sunk and took the life of 1,119 passengers and 114 of them were Americans.
 * May 7, 1915 and Around 2:10 pm
 * Coast of Ireland
 * The Germans believed that the Lusitania was transporting ammunition and other war supplies from America to Britain.Germany agreed to suspense submarine from firing any torpedo against passenger ships in response to the US's anger. The Germans wanted to gain military supplies from the US and had the right to sink any ships that were helping either side in the war. Germany and president of US, Wilson, did not want to any more country involved in the war.

‍ **The Zimmerman Note:**
== ==

** Here are two links for the Zimmerman Telegram: **  [|Zimmerman Note.docx] ==‍ [|copy of actual note.docx] ==

__ **Who** __: __ **What:** __ <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__When__:** <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">**__Where__:** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 16px;">__ **Why/Significance** __
 * German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman, President of Mexico Venustiano Carranza, Germany and Mexico
 * German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman sent a a proposal to Mexico asking for an alliance against the US. If Germany declare war on the US, then Mexico would attack the US and Mexico might regain some of their territories lost in the Mexican-American War.
 * January 16 - April 14, 1917
 * The telegram was transmitted from Germany to Mexico using the British and US lines.
 * Germany was concerned that the continuation of the unrestricted submarine warfare would bring the US into the war on the Allied side. Germany wanted to prepare for this, so they wanted Mexico to declare war on the US in order to prevent US from supplying Britain with war supplies. Mexico refused Germany's proposal because Mexico did not want to go against the US which had the largest supply of military weaponry. Britain was the country to first decipher the Zimmerman Telegram and immediately spread this information to the US because they wanted the US to join the war on the Allied side.

**Here is a link that summarizes US entrance in WWI** [|US in WWI]
The US did not join the war until the sinking of the Lusitania and Zimmerman Telegram. On April 6, 1917, America declared war to "make the world safe for democracy." American industries mobilized by mass producing weapons, equipment, munitions, and other war supplies. Hundred of thousands of African Americans migrated north in order to work in factories. Over two million Americans volunteered for the army and three millions were drafted. Over 13,000 joined the navy as Yeoman, while other joined the Army and Navy Nurse Corp. American quickly changed the tide of the war. The AEF, American Expeditionary Force, commanded by General John J. Pershing had a total of two million men who sent to France. Within eighteen months, the American "doughboys" ended the three year stalemate. Germany agreed to an armistice, a cease fire, on November 11, 1918.

__**Picture Detective:**__

**A Difficult Peace**
 * Background**:

At the end of the War, each of the major allied powers had a different viewpoint on what should be included in the peace treaty. The French wanted to punish Germany. The United States under the direction of President Wilson wanted a treaty that would promote stability and world peace (Fourteen Points). The British seemed to fall somewhere between the two. Italy, on the other hand wanted to increase it territory.

Activity:
 * Read the summary of the Treaty of Versailles here:[[image:http://www.wikispaces.com/i/mime/32/application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document.png width="32" height="32" link="http://mastromaurowh.wikispaces.com/file/view/Treaty+of+Versailles.docx"]] [|Treaty of Versailles.docx]

1. **List and summarize the major points of the Treaty**
 * After Germany being defeated, Germany had to return Alsace and Lorraine to French
 * Over seas colonies became League of Mandates, city of Danzig with large population became a free city
 * Articles 231, French accused Germany for started WWI and they had to paid enormous amount for reparation, and limited only 100,000 soldiers of Germany to prevent further war
 * Germany lost it's air forces
 * All nations in WWI suffered from economic crashed, many of the countries were liability.
 * Treaty of Versailles gave the central power unfair punishment
 * Germany's fee of reparation was a burden to German caused high unemployment rates, many people gone broke...etc..

The Treaty of Versailles completely brought Germany. Not only did Germany was blamed for starting the war, but had to pay reparation for all the damage done. The total size of Germany decreased dramatically, and the territories lost were given to members of the Allied like France. Limitation were placed upon the German's army, navy, and air force. Germany was not allowed to maintain any air base since the Allied feared Germany would start a another war. The reparations prevented Germany economy from growing, rather it was sucking the life out of the economy. The poor economic state brought the unrest in society to a whole new level, and made many people overlook the some ideology of radical groups such as the Nazi. The Wiemar Republic which was the new democratic government established in Germany received many opposition. One of them being the National Socialist Party with Adolf Hitler being one of the member. His party offered to help Germany regain her formal glory which attracted the attention of many citizens.

2. **Predict how this treaty led to the rise of Hitler and ultimately WWII using evidence from the document**
 * The treaty made Germany to pay a big reparation fees, caused poverty, high unemployment rates and taken away Germany's air power such as limited army. These hit the nationalism feeling of German. German lost their pride and suffered through the economy depression from other countries. Therefore, when Hitler came to power and promise to bring the glory to the country. People support him immediately for what they had lost




 * Read the **End of the Fighting** in your book or online text; pages 398-399
 * In a few sentences, **summarize** //**How the fighting came to an end**//?

The end of World War I was near when The Americans joined the war. The Central Powers worried about the US participation in the war would give the Allied an upper hand. The Germans launched a new offensive in the Western Front after Russia withdrawal from the war in 1917. The Germans were able to push the French into retreat mode, but did not last very long. After the Americans arrived in Europe and supported the fighting of the Western Front, it was obvious that Germany and its allies were losing, so many German leaders approached the Allied seeking truce. The first peace terms were agreed to on November 11, 1918, and many followed after it. And World War I was finally put to an end.

media type="custom" key="12500988"